Ponderal index has higher accuracy than body mass index in the diagnosis of obesity in thai male adolescents. Motor development, ponderal index pi, and pa were assessed regularly from study entry 0 to 20 weeks of age through age 18 months. This study compares how effectively the ponderal index and the body mass index adjust birthweight for length at different gestations, and derives an improved index suitable for all gestations. The ponderal index had stronger associations with diabetes than birth weight when compared to the prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in people who had a low birth weight table 2 18. Smallforgestational age, intrauterine growth, ponderal index background the term small forgestational age sga describes a baby whose birth weight is less than the 10 th percentile or more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and sex 1 or less than 2. Length, ponderal index, and intrauterine growth retardation in brazil, journal of tropical pediatrics, volume 44, issue 6, december 1998, pages 355. The impact of an early and intense prone positioning. Length weight relationship and ponderal index of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss w. We aimed to compare the accuracy of the ponderal index pi vs. Because low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation tend to recur in sibships, we examined patterns of sibling correlation in the ponderal index in 795 live term. Data ponderal ratio quetelets index index allenand 26 women068 070 072 others1956a 55 men077 074 080 brockett and others 1956 97men057 0 57 0 60 onesubject, 1847cm. Keywords ponderal index, body mass index, percent weightforheight, childhood obesity.
The ponderal index in full term babies was ponderal index of ponderal index is an effective and simple measure to identify wasting. Pereira, in fetal and neonatal physiology third edition, 2004. Pdf we compared feeding practices between infants of high ponderal index pi at birth pi above the 90th percentile and normal pi at birth pi. Ponderal index is better than body mass index in diagnosis. Ponderal definition and meaning collins english dictionary. The use and interpretation of ponderal index and other. The height and body mass of the players qualifying for the first round in all four grand slam tennis tournaments during the period 19822011 was obtained, and successful players defined arbitrarily as those reaching round 3 or beyond. Low ponderal index is associated with decreased muscle strength. This finding is consistent with studies that have followed children after infancy. Methods we used data from the canadian health measures. One recent retrospective cohort study followed,517 patients born in helsinki, finland, between 1924 and 1944.
As such, they potentially allow the estimation of stunting and wasting that have occurred either in utero or postnatally. The ponderal index as a measure of the nutritional status at birth and its relation to some aspects of neonatal morbidity. Printed in great britain the use and interpretation of ponderal index and other weightheight ratios in epidemiological studies charles du v. Rotavirus infection in infants and young children in makkah, saudi arabia. Ponderal index of low birth weight babies a hospital based study dure. Bmi is defined as the weight divided by the square of the height, expressed in kg m2. Historical data from 34 infants, 25 td, 9 with ds, that did not engage in formal tummy time were available.
Dimensional analysis and theory of biological similarity. Current pattern of ponderal indices of term smallforgestational age. Abramovichb objective to evaluate the usefulness of ponderal index pi and related indices of weight and length in identifying asymmetric growth, body thinness and organ asymmetry associated with iugr. Weight, length, ponderal index, and intrauterine growth. The study was a crosssectional survey, in a london teaching hospital, using a total of 999 neonates of 33 weeks gestation or later. Ponderal index at birth was computed as kgm3, and age and sexadjusted birth lengths and birth weight percentiles were computed per the methods of fenton fenton et al. Objective to model the development of the tri ponderal mass index tmi, kgm3 throughout childhood and adolescence and to compare the utility of the tmi with that of the body mass index bmi, kgm2 to predict cardiometabolic risk in a populationbased sample of canadian children and youth. Body mass index bmi and the reciprocal ponderal index rpi were used as our measures of body shape. Infants with high ponderal indices are relatively heavy for length or, equivalently, relatively short for weight.
The effect of ponderal index at birth on the relationships between common lep and lepr polymorphisms and adiposity in adolescents. Associations between values of the index and height have been reported at least twice, however, and, substantiating these reports, highly significant, nearly linear, positive regressions of values of the index on height are now found among princeton freshmen. Seltzer 5 has pointed out that consideration of only height and weight does not necessarily indicate fatness, and he introduced the ponderal index pi as a better indication of body build. When kappa statistic was applied it showed almost perfect agreement with canscore and substantial agreement with ponderal index and mac and hc ratio.
Howe, 1, 2, kate tilling, 2 li benfield, 1, 2 jennifer logue, 3 naveed sattar, 3 andy r. Bmiforage zscores transformed bmiz in estimating body fat levels and classifying obesity in children and adolescents from a. Ponderal index is a poor predictor of in utero growth. Original article ponderal index of low birth weight babies. Changes in ponderal index and body mass index across.
The risk of mortality and morbidity is increased in infants with fgr. Florey department of epidemiology and public health, yale university school of medicine, new haven, conn. Variations in birth weight, length and ponderal index pi depend on the type and degree of intrauterine insults the babies were exposed to. Ponderal index corpulence index calculator captain. Birth weightlength ratios, ponderal indexes, placental.
To our knowledge, buffon first suggested the index mh3 in the early 1800s. Predicting cardiometabolic markers in children using tri. Rohrers ponderal index in newborns birth weightheight 3. For a given pi value, weight as a measure of volume increases according to the cube of the linear dimensions 235. The ponderal index pi is height divided by cube root of weight.
P171 ponderal index in sga neonates archives of disease. The ponderal index or condition factor for each fish was evaluated by fultons formula i. The relation of fetal length, ponderal index and head. We compared feeding practices between infants of high ponderal index pi at birth pi above the 90th percentile and normal pi at birth pi. Estimates for ponderal index showed the same pattern indicating an increasing risk of neonatal fatness with severity of obesity. Low ponderal index is associated with decreased muscle strength and fatigue. Research effectofreducingcaffeineintakeonbirthweightandlength of gestation. Rohrers ponderal index pi is an indication of a persons weight relative to their height, and is used as a proxy measure of adiposity, similar to the body mass index bmi. Intrauterine growth restriction iugr, a condition that occurs due to various reasons, is an important cause of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Body mass index, triponderal mass index, and pubertal growth. The intrauterine ponderal index in relation to birth weight discordance in twin gestations, int j gynaecol obstet 1995. Thus, the children of smokers tended to be shorter and have a higher ponderal index than children of nonsmokers. On the other hand, certain parameters, such as the height and body mass index bmi, are highly relevant, since they are used as biomedical indicators of.
Rohrers ponderal index in newborns birth weight 100height3 has been used as an. Value of fetal ponderal index in predicting growth. The ponderal index as a measure of the nutritional status. Pdf length weight relationship and ponderal index of. The ponderal index in term newborn siblings american. The relationship between triponderal mass index and. This index is a better indicator of obesity than height and weight alone. The ponderal index and the machc ratio provide information on the proportionality of body growth. Introduction small for gestational age sga is defined as infants with a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age. Relations between high ponderal index at birth, feeding practices.
The effects of tobacco use during and after pregnancy on. Pdf relations between high ponderal index at birth, feeding. Ponderal index is a poor predictor of in utero growth retardation p. Mean systolic pressure rose by mm hg as ponderal index fell from 14. Changes in ponderal index and body mass index across childhood and their associations with fat mass and cardiovascular risk factors at age 15 laura d. It was first proposed in 1921 as the corpulence measure by swiss physician fritz rohrer and hence is also known as rohrers index. Objective to evaluate the usefulness of ponderal index pi and related indices of weight and length in identifying asymmetric growth, body thinness and organ asymmetry associated with iugr. The identification and long term effects of fetal growth. The current study aimed to evaluate the distribution of the tri ponderal mass index tmi according to sex and age and the relationship of obesity groups according to sex. The regression equation computed from data for males. Weight, length, ponderal index, and intrauterine growth retardation in brazil p. Like all simple health calculators such as bmi, ponderal index is an indicator of health among a number of other factors not an absolute measurement.
What is fetal programming a lifetime health is under the. Body mass index and reciprocal of ponderal index as. The corpulence index ci or ponderal index pi is a measure of leanness corpulence of a person calculated as a relationship between mass and height. It is similar to the body mass index, but the mass is normalized with the third power of body. The fetal ponderal index also was evaluated as a predictor of intrauterine growth retardation iugr and was found to have sensitivity and specificity of 76. The areas under the ageadjusted receiver operating characteristic curves were similar between the indices for girls body mass index z scores0. The body mass index bmi is a quantity that can be used to estimate a persons body size.
Birth weight bwlength ratios, ponderal indexes, placental weights, and bwplacental weight ratios have been correlated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Age and sexadjusted birth weight percentiles were used to classify infants sizeforgestational age, which included small. Current pattern of ponderal indices of term smallfor. A better definition of the at risk group with intrauterine growth problems than birth. The ponderal index is generally treated, on theoretical grounds, as if it were independent of height.
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